Description
This program carries out the foreign currency valuation.
The following items/accounts are valuated:

• Open items


• Foreign currency balance sheet accounts. This means G/L accounts that
are managed in a foreign currency.


You have the following options for the foreign currency valuation:


• You can carry out the valuation in local currency or a parallel local
currency (for example, group currency).

• You can use different valuation methods (for example, HGB or US GAAP).

The result of the valuations can be stored per valuated document andposted to adjustment accounts and P&L accounts.

Valuation process

Selection


• Open items:

The customer, vendor, and G/L account open items on the key date areread and balanced by account or group and currency.

• G/L account balances:

Reconciliation accounts and accounts managed on an open item basis arenot valuated. P&L accounts are only valuated as required: Seealso: "FASB 52 Translation".

Grouping
The documents or balances are balanced by currency and account (orgroup/valuation group). The exchange rate type for the valuation isdetermined from this balance.

Valuation


• Open items:

The items that are untranslated at the key date are summarized perinvoice reference or account/group.
If the result does not correspond to the method selected, for example,if a profit arises using the lowest value principle, no valuationdifference is output.

• G/L account balances:

The balance is translated per currency and account/group on the keydate. The valuation difference determined is compared with thevaluation method specified (for example, lowest value principle).

Posting
The valuation differences are posted compressed. The accounts aredetermined using the valuation area selected.
The following postings may arise from the open item valuation


• Valuation posting


• Reset all valuation postings if the valuation does not affect the
financial statements.
Always applies for GR/IR accounts
When using alternative valuation areas

• Reset old realized differences (open items already cleared, for
example) for a valuation that affects the financial statements.

• Post new realized differences (open items already cleared, for example)
for a valuation that affects the financial statements.
The balance valuation postings can be reversed if required.

Account determination
The postings for accounts managed on an open item basis in thesubledger and the general ledger are posted to an adjustment accountand a P&L account.
The postings to G/L accounts not managed on an open item basis areposted to adjustment accounts if, as above, entries exist for thisaccount. Otherwise, the exchange rate difference key from the G/Laccount master record is used for the account determination.

Document change
The valuation differences are saved in the documents if a valuationthat affects the financial statements is being carried out.


• For items that have already been cleared, the new realized difference
determined is saved in the document.

• The difference is not saved for GR/IR accounts, since clearing
does not reset the valuation. An update is only carried out ifyou use alternative valuation areas here.

Precondition
Before you can carry out a foreign currency valuation, you have to makesetttings in Customizing. You can find these settings in Customizingfor Financial Accounting under General Ledger Accounting ->Business Transactions -> Closing -> Valuate -> Foreign CurrencyValuation.


• You should have already defined your valuation methods. To do this,
choose Define Valuation Methods.
IF &DEVICE& = 'SCREEN'
Proceed
ENDIF

• You have defined the accounts for the expense and the revenue from the
valuation in the system. For receivables and payables accounts, youalso have to define the numbers of the financial statement adjustmentaccounts. To do this, choose Prepare Automatic Postings for ForeignCurrency Valuation.
IF &DEVICE& = 'SCREEN'
Proceed
ENDIF
You should also check that you have made the following settings:

• Check whether you have defined an exchange rate for each foreign
currency.

• Check whether you have defined the posting keys for the adjustment
postings.

• If you want to use an alternative valuation area, check whether the
following settings exist:
Check whether you have defined the alternative valuation area.
Check whether you have defined the account determination for thealternative valuation area.

• When you are valuating tax accounts and then carrying out postings, you
have to post using a tax key. This tax key however, should not appearin the reporting for tax on sales/purchases. To do this use theassignment "Company code -> Non-taxable transactions".

Output
The output is in three lists:


• - List of valuated line items or G/L account balances


• - List of postings, or postings proposed


• - List of messages (own spool file)

Example

Example for valuation postings
An invoice for 100 USD is posted using the local currency 170 DEM.
On the key date, the item is valuated using an exchange rate of 1.50. Avaluation expense of ( 150 - 170 ) 20 DEM arises. This is posted asfollows:
Expense acct,,to FS adjustment account,,at key date
230010,,140099,,20 DEM


• Valuation that affects the financial statements

For a valuation that affects the financial statements, the valuationdifference is noted in the item. The valuation difference is clearedwhen the invoice is cleared.

• A valuation that does not affect the financial statements

For a valuation that does not affect the financial statements, allpostings are reversed at the reverse date. You can enter a specialperiod as the reversal period.
Expense acct,,to FS adjustment account,,at key date
230010,,140099,,20 DEM
Reversal
140099,,230010,,20 DEM

Example: Valuation of an invoice that has already been cleared
(affects financial statements)/without alternative valuation area.
If the item was cleared after the key date, the valuation postings forthese items are adjusted by the report:


• The realized exchange rate difference is reset


• The new difference is posted to the expense/revenue account for
realized exchange rate differences.
Background
The total saved for realized and unrealized differences is required bythe subsequent programs (SAPF180, SAPF181).
Invoice 100 USD 160 DEM (RDIFF = 3-DEM)
Payment 100-USD 160 DEM Customer
100 USD 157 DEM Bank
3 DEM Realized exchange rate difference
Valuation at 1.56
Valuation posting 4 DEM Valuation loss
Valuation posting 4-DEM Adjustment account
Reversal posting 3 DEM Adjustment account to
Reversal posting 3-DEM Realized exchange rate expense
Reversal posting 1 DEM Adjustment account to
Reversal posting 1-DEM Realized exchange rate revenue
The new realized difference (+1)is noted in the item in the field
RDIFF, field BDIFF displays the valuation difference (-4).
Additional notes

Carrying Out the FASB 52 Translation
Valuation in local currency
In the first step, the foreign currency items and balances are valuatedand posted to P&L accounts in the local currency. In addition, thevaluation difference is translated into the group currency and posted.
The parameter "Carry out translation" is selected.
Open items
The local valuation difference is saved per item, and the differencetranslated in the group currency is stored in an additional valuationarea.
G/L account balances
Valuate all accounts (including P&L accounts) in local currency.
For depreciation accounts, only valuate the current period.
Currency translation
In the second step, the translation of the valuated local currencyamount into the group currency is carried out. Define where thevaluated local currency amount comes from; either from the currencytype, or from a valuation area. The parameter "Translation" isselected. The translation carries out the valuation of the (valuated)local currency amount in the group currency.
Example for open items:
Three valuation areas are used.


• RE FC valuation - currency type 10. This is used for the foreign
currency valuation account determination and storing the localdifference.

• RT Difference in group currency (30). This saves the translation
difference from the translation from local into group currency from thefirst step (foreign currency valuation).

• TR Translation - currency type 30. This is used for account
determination and can - but does not have to - contain the translationdifferences.
Process
1) Invoice: 1,000 FRF 290 DEM 181.25 USD (exchange rate DEM/USD 1.6)
2) Valuation of 1,000 FRF results in a valuation
difference of 10 DEM and 6.25 USD (10 DEM translated into USD)
Post in valuation area RE 10 DEM and 6.25 USD
Save 10 DEM in valuation area RE
Save 6.25 USD in valuation area RT
3) Translation: Valuation of valuated local currency amount in group
currency
Local balance: DEM 300 (290 DEM + 10 DEM from valuation area RE)
Group balance: USD 187.5 (181.25 USD + 6.25 USD from valuation area
RT)
Valuation at 0.5 results in a difference of 37.50 USD
( 150 USD - 187.50 USD = 37.5 USD)
Transaction in first local currency DEM
Receivables 290 DEM
Adjustment account 10 DEM
Exchange rate gain -6.25 USD
Transaction in second local currency, USD
Receivables 181.25 USD
Adjustment account 43.75 USD
Exchange rate gain -10 USD
Equity +37.50 USD